skip to main content

Landslides in rock

Rock Falls

Single and small rock falls from cliffs accumulate to form aprons of scree or talus, developing sometimes over long time periods. Some scree slopes are relict, where the scree apron almost buries the crags that once released rock falls that formed them. A characteristic of actively forming rock fall screes is the sorting of rock debris, with largest stones at the base of the scree, and smallest at the top. This sorting gets disrupted by reworking of the scree slopes by other processes, such as snow avalanching, debris flows and gully erosion by water.

Beinn Eighe rockfall (talus) screes (Photo SNH) link to image

 

Rock Slope Failures

Rock slope failures are a group of landslides that show great variation in their features. Many in Scotland are so large (involving whole mountainsides) that many people do not even see them! For example the rock slope failure on Beinn Fhada in Kintail is huge - 3 km long, from near sea-level to 1000m, and possibly over 100 million cubic metres in failed mass.

The north end of Ben Lomond has collapsed in a rockslide, seen here from Ptarmigan. ( Photo D. Jarman, Copyright) link to image

Rotational Landslides

Rotational landslides occur where more resistant rocks founder over underlying weaker rocks. In Scotland there are excellent examples at Trotternish in Skye and at Hallaig in Raasay, where multiple failures have produced spectacular whole mountainside collapse. In the case of Hallaig the landslide complex continues under water down to the sea bed.

The Storr landslide, Trotternish Skye (Photo N. Kirkbride) link to image